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Myelin

Myelin is an insulating layer, or sheath that forms around nerves, including those in the brain and spinal cord. It is made up of protein and fatty substances.

This myelin sheath allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells. If myelin is damaged, these impulses slow down. This can cause diseases such as multiple sclerosis.

Open References

References

Calabresi PA. Multiple sclerosis and demyelinating conditions of the central nervous system. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 383.

Taber's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary. 24th ed. F.A. Davis Company; 2021. www.tabers.com/tabersonline. Accessed June 12, 2023.

  • Myelin and nerve structure

    Myelin and nerve structure - illustration

    Myelin is the layer that forms around nerve cells. Its purpose is to speed the transmission of impulses along nerve cells.

    Myelin and nerve structure

    illustration

  • Myelin and nerve structure

    Myelin and nerve structure - illustration

    Myelin is the layer that forms around nerve cells. Its purpose is to speed the transmission of impulses along nerve cells.

    Myelin and nerve structure

    illustration

Tests for Myelin

 
 

Review Date: 4/27/2023

Reviewed By: Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Clinical Professor, Department of Family Medicine, UW Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.

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